When attempting to allocate a shadow root for a !visible guest root gfn,
e.g. that resides in MMIO space, load a dummy root that is backed by the
zero page instead of immediately synthesizing a triple fault shutdown
(using the zero page ensures any attempt to translate memory will generate
a !PRESENT fault and thus VM-Exit).
Unless the vCPU is racing with memslot activity, KVM will inject a page
fault due to not finding a visible slot in FNAME(walk_addr_generic), i.e.
the end result is mostly same, but critically KVM will inject a fault only
*after* KVM runs the vCPU with the bogus root.
Waiting to inject a fault until after running the vCPU fixes a bug where
KVM would bail from nested VM-Enter if L1 tried to run L2 with TDP enabled
and a !visible root. Even though a bad root will *probably* lead to
shutdown, (a) it's not guaranteed and (b) the CPU won't read the
underlying memory until after VM-Enter succeeds. E.g. if L1 runs L2 with
a VMX preemption timer value of '0', then architecturally the preemption
timer VM-Exit is guaranteed to occur before the CPU executes any
instruction, i.e. before the CPU needs to translate a GPA to a HPA (so
long as there are no injected events with higher priority than the
preemption timer).
If KVM manages to get to FNAME(fetch) with a dummy root, e.g. because
userspace created a memslot between installing the dummy root and handling
the page fault, simply unload the MMU to allocate a new root and retry the
instruction. Use KVM_REQ_MMU_FREE_OBSOLETE_ROOTS to drop the root, as
invoking kvm_mmu_free_roots() while holding mmu_lock would deadlock, and
conceptually the dummy root has indeeed become obsolete. The only
difference versus existing usage of KVM_REQ_MMU_FREE_OBSOLETE_ROOTS is
that the root has become obsolete due to memslot *creation*, not memslot
deletion or movement.
Reported-by: Reima Ishii <ishiir@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp>
Cc: Yu Zhang <yu.c.zhang@linux.intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729005200.1057358-6-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Harden kvm_mmu_new_pgd() against NULL pointer dereference bugs by sanity
checking that the target root has an associated shadow page prior to
dereferencing said shadow page. The code in question is guaranteed to
only see roots with shadow pages as fast_pgd_switch() explicitly frees the
current root if it doesn't have a shadow page, i.e. is a PAE root, and
that in turn prevents valid roots from being cached, but that's all very
subtle.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729005200.1057358-3-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add a dedicated helper for converting a root hpa to a shadow page in
anticipation of using a "dummy" root to handle the scenario where KVM
needs to load a valid shadow root (from hardware's perspective), but
the guest doesn't have a visible root to shadow. Similar to PAE roots,
the dummy root won't have an associated kvm_mmu_page and will need special
handling when finding a shadow page given a root.
Opportunistically retrieve the root shadow page in kvm_mmu_sync_roots()
*after* verifying the root is unsync (the dummy root can never be unsync).
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729005200.1057358-2-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Refactor KVM's exported/external page-track, a.k.a. write-track, APIs
to take only the gfn and do the required memslot lookup in KVM proper.
Forcing users of the APIs to get the memslot unnecessarily bleeds
KVM internals into KVMGT and complicates usage of the APIs.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Yan Zhao <yan.y.zhao@intel.com>
Tested-by: Yongwei Ma <yongwei.ma@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729013535.1070024-28-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename the page-track APIs to capture that they're all about tracking
writes, now that the facade of supporting multiple modes is gone.
Opportunstically replace "slot" with "gfn" in anticipation of removing
the @slot param from the external APIs.
No functional change intended.
Tested-by: Yongwei Ma <yongwei.ma@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729013535.1070024-25-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Drop "support" for multiple page-track modes, as there is no evidence
that array-based and refcounted metadata is the optimal solution for
other modes, nor is there any evidence that other use cases, e.g. for
access-tracking, will be a good fit for the page-track machinery in
general.
E.g. one potential use case of access-tracking would be to prevent guest
access to poisoned memory (from the guest's perspective). In that case,
the number of poisoned pages is likely to be a very small percentage of
the guest memory, and there is no need to reference count the number of
access-tracking users, i.e. expanding gfn_track[] for a new mode would be
grossly inefficient. And for poisoned memory, host userspace would also
likely want to trap accesses, e.g. to inject #MC into the guest, and that
isn't currently supported by the page-track framework.
A better alternative for that poisoned page use case is likely a
variation of the proposed per-gfn attributes overlay (linked), which
would allow efficiently tracking the sparse set of poisoned pages, and by
default would exit to userspace on access.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/Y2WB48kD0J4VGynX@google.com
Cc: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Tested-by: Yongwei Ma <yongwei.ma@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729013535.1070024-24-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Bury the declaration of the page-track helpers that are intended only for
internal KVM use in a "private" header. In addition to guarding against
unwanted usage of the internal-only helpers, dropping their definitions
avoids exposing other structures that should be KVM-internal, e.g. for
memslots. This is a baby step toward making kvm_host.h a KVM-internal
header in the very distant future.
Tested-by: Yongwei Ma <yongwei.ma@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729013535.1070024-22-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Remove ->track_remove_slot(), there are no longer any users and it's
unlikely a "flush" hook will ever be the correct API to provide to an
external page-track user.
Cc: Zhenyu Wang <zhenyuw@linux.intel.com>
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Yan Zhao <yan.y.zhao@intel.com>
Tested-by: Yongwei Ma <yongwei.ma@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729013535.1070024-21-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Don't use the generic page-track mechanism to handle writes to guest PTEs
in KVM's MMU. KVM's MMU needs access to information that should not be
exposed to external page-track users, e.g. KVM needs (for some definitions
of "need") the vCPU to query the current paging mode, whereas external
users, i.e. KVMGT, have no ties to the current vCPU and so should never
need the vCPU.
Moving away from the page-track mechanism will allow dropping use of the
page-track mechanism for KVM's own MMU, and will also allow simplifying
and cleaning up the page-track APIs.
Reviewed-by: Yan Zhao <yan.y.zhao@intel.com>
Tested-by: Yongwei Ma <yongwei.ma@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729013535.1070024-15-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Call kvm_mmu_zap_all_fast() directly when flushing a memslot instead of
bouncing through the page-track mechanism. KVM (unfortunately) needs to
zap and flush all page tables on memslot DELETE/MOVE irrespective of
whether KVM is shadowing guest page tables.
This will allow changing KVM to register a page-track notifier on the
first shadow root allocation, and will also allow deleting the misguided
kvm_page_track_flush_slot() hook itself once KVM-GT also moves to a
different method for reacting to memslot changes.
No functional change intended.
Cc: Yan Zhao <yan.y.zhao@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20221110014821.1548347-2-seanjc@google.com
Reviewed-by: Yan Zhao <yan.y.zhao@intel.com>
Tested-by: Yongwei Ma <yongwei.ma@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729013535.1070024-14-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Move x86's implementation of kvm_arch_flush_shadow_{all,memslot}() into
mmu.c, and make kvm_mmu_zap_all() static as it was globally visible only
for kvm_arch_flush_shadow_all(). This will allow refactoring
kvm_arch_flush_shadow_memslot() to call kvm_mmu_zap_all() directly without
having to expose kvm_mmu_zap_all_fast() outside of mmu.c. Keeping
everything in mmu.c will also likely simplify supporting TDX, which
intends to do zap only relevant SPTEs on memslot updates.
No functional change intended.
Suggested-by: Yan Zhao <yan.y.zhao@intel.com>
Tested-by: Yongwei Ma <yongwei.ma@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729013535.1070024-13-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Introduce KVM_BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION() and use it in the low-level rmap
helpers to convert the existing BUG()s to WARN_ON_ONCE() when the kernel
is built with CONFIG_BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION=n, i.e. does NOT want to BUG()
on corruption of host kernel data structures. Environments that don't
have infrastructure to automatically capture crash dumps, i.e. aren't
likely to enable CONFIG_BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION=y, are typically better
served overall by WARN-and-continue behavior (for the kernel, the VM is
dead regardless), as a BUG() while holding mmu_lock all but guarantees
the _best_ case scenario is a panic().
Make the BUG()s conditional instead of removing/replacing them entirely as
there's a non-zero chance (though by no means a guarantee) that the damage
isn't contained to the target VM, e.g. if no rmap is found for a SPTE then
KVM may be double-zapping the SPTE, i.e. has already freed the memory the
SPTE pointed at and thus KVM is reading/writing memory that KVM no longer
owns.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20221129191237.31447-1-mizhang@google.com
Suggested-by: Mingwei Zhang <mizhang@google.com>
Cc: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Cc: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Mingwei Zhang <mizhang@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004722.1056172-13-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Plumb "struct kvm" all the way to pte_list_remove() to allow the usage of
KVM_BUG() and/or KVM_BUG_ON(). This will allow killing only the offending
VM instead of doing BUG() if the kernel is built with
CONFIG_BUG_ON_DATA_CORRUPTION=n, i.e. does NOT want to BUG() if KVM's data
structures (rmaps) appear to be corrupted.
Signed-off-by: Mingwei Zhang <mizhang@google.com>
[sean: tweak changelog]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004722.1056172-12-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Replace MMU_DEBUG, which requires manually modifying KVM to enable the
macro, with a proper Kconfig, KVM_PROVE_MMU. Now that pgprintk() and
rmap_printk() are gone, i.e. the macro guards only KVM_MMU_WARN_ON() and
won't flood the kernel logs, enabling the option for debug kernels is both
desirable and feasible.
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004722.1056172-10-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Convert all "runtime" assertions, i.e. assertions that can be triggered
while running vCPUs, from WARN_ON() to WARN_ON_ONCE(). Every WARN in the
MMU that is tied to running vCPUs, i.e. not contained to loading and
initializing KVM, is likely to fire _a lot_ when it does trigger. E.g. if
KVM ends up with a bug that causes a root to be invalidated before the
page fault handler is invoked, pretty much _every_ page fault VM-Exit
triggers the WARN.
If a WARN is triggered frequently, the resulting spam usually causes a lot
of damage of its own, e.g. consumes resources to log the WARN and pollutes
the kernel log, often to the point where other useful information can be
lost. In many case, the damage caused by the spam is actually worse than
the bug itself, e.g. KVM can almost always recover from an unexpectedly
invalid root.
On the flip side, warning every time is rarely helpful for debug and
triage, i.e. a single splat is usually sufficient to point a debugger in
the right direction, and automated testing, e.g. syzkaller, typically runs
with warn_on_panic=1, i.e. will never get past the first WARN anyways.
Lastly, when an assertions fails multiple times, the stack traces in KVM
are almost always identical, i.e. the full splat only needs to be captured
once. And _if_ there is value in captruing information about the failed
assert, a ratelimited printk() is sufficient and less likely to rack up a
large amount of collateral damage.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004722.1056172-8-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Rename MMU_WARN_ON() to make it super obvious that the assertions are
all about KVM's MMU, not the primary MMU.
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004722.1056172-7-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Massage the error message for the sanity check on SPTEs when freeing a
shadow page to be more verbose, and to print out all shadow-present SPTEs,
not just the first SPTE encountered. Printing all SPTEs can be quite
valuable for debug, e.g. highlights whether the leak is a one-off or
widepsread, or possibly the result of memory corruption (something else
in the kernel stomping on KVM's SPTEs).
Opportunistically move the MMU_WARN_ON() into the helper itself, which
will allow a future cleanup to use BUILD_BUG_ON_INVALID() as the stub for
MMU_WARN_ON(). BUILD_BUG_ON_INVALID() works as intended and results in
the compiler complaining about is_empty_shadow_page() not being declared.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004722.1056172-6-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Replace the pointer arithmetic used to iterate over SPTEs in
is_empty_shadow_page() with more standard interger-based iteration.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Philippe Mathieu-Daudé <philmd@linaro.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004722.1056172-5-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Delete KVM's "dbg" module param now that its usage in KVM is gone (it
used to guard pgprintk() and rmap_printk()).
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004722.1056172-4-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Delete rmap_printk() so that MMU_WARN_ON() and MMU_DEBUG can be morphed
into something that can be regularly enabled for debug kernels. The
information provided by rmap_printk() isn't all that useful now that the
rmap and unsync code is mature, as the prints are simultaneously too
verbose (_lots_ of message) and yet not verbose enough to be helpful for
debug (most instances print just the SPTE pointer/value, which is rarely
sufficient to root cause anything but trivial bugs).
Alternatively, rmap_printk() could be reworked to into tracepoints, but
it's not clear there is a real need as rmap bugs rarely escape initial
development, and when bugs do escape to production, they are often edge
cases and/or reside in code that isn't directly related to the rmaps.
In other words, the problems with rmap_printk() being unhelpful also apply
to tracepoints. And deleting rmap_printk() doesn't preclude adding
tracepoints in the future.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004722.1056172-3-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Delete KVM's pgprintk() and all its usage, as the code is very prone
to bitrot due to being buried behind MMU_DEBUG, and the functionality has
been rendered almost entirely obsolete by the tracepoints KVM has gained
over the years. And for the situations where the information provided by
KVM's tracepoints is insufficient, pgprintk() rarely fills in the gaps,
and is almost always far too noisy, i.e. developers end up implementing
custom prints anyways.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004722.1056172-2-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Add an assertion in kvm_mmu_page_fault() to ensure the error code provided
by hardware doesn't conflict with KVM's software-defined IMPLICIT_ACCESS
flag. In the unlikely scenario that future hardware starts using bit 48
for a hardware-defined flag, preserving the bit could result in KVM
incorrectly interpreting the unknown flag as KVM's IMPLICIT_ACCESS flag.
WARN so that any such conflict can be surfaced to KVM developers and
resolved, but otherwise ignore the bit as KVM can't possibly rely on a
flag it knows nothing about.
Fixes: 4f4aa80e3b ("KVM: X86: Handle implicit supervisor access with SMAP")
Acked-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230721223711.2334426-1-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
- Misc cleanups
- Retry APIC optimized recalculation if a vCPU is added/enabled
- Overhaul emergency reboot code to bring SVM up to par with VMX, tie the
"emergency disabling" behavior to KVM actually being loaded, and move all of
the logic within KVM
- Fix user triggerable WARNs in SVM where KVM incorrectly assumes the TSC
ratio MSR can diverge from the default iff TSC scaling is enabled, and clean
up related code
- Add a framework to allow "caching" feature flags so that KVM can check if
the guest can use a feature without needing to search guest CPUID
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Merge tag 'kvm-x86-misc-6.6' of https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEAD
KVM x86 changes for 6.6:
- Misc cleanups
- Retry APIC optimized recalculation if a vCPU is added/enabled
- Overhaul emergency reboot code to bring SVM up to par with VMX, tie the
"emergency disabling" behavior to KVM actually being loaded, and move all of
the logic within KVM
- Fix user triggerable WARNs in SVM where KVM incorrectly assumes the TSC
ratio MSR can diverge from the default iff TSC scaling is enabled, and clean
up related code
- Add a framework to allow "caching" feature flags so that KVM can check if
the guest can use a feature without needing to search guest CPUID
- Wrap kvm_{gfn,hva}_range.pte in a union to allow mmu_notifier events to pass
action specific data without needing to constantly update the main handlers.
- Drop unused function declarations
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Merge tag 'kvm-x86-generic-6.6' of https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEAD
Common KVM changes for 6.6:
- Wrap kvm_{gfn,hva}_range.pte in a union to allow mmu_notifier events to pass
action specific data without needing to constantly update the main handlers.
- Drop unused function declarations
Use the governed feature framework to track whether or not the guest can
use 1GiB pages, and drop the one-off helper that wraps the surprisingly
non-trivial logic surrounding 1GiB page usage in the guest.
No functional change intended.
Reviewed-by: Yuan Yao <yuan.yao@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230815203653.519297-3-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Wrap kvm_{gfn,hva}_range.pte in a union so that future notifier events can
pass event specific information up and down the stack without needing to
constantly expand and churn the APIs. Lockless aging of SPTEs will pass
around a bitmap, and support for memory attributes will pass around the
new attributes for the range.
Add a "KVM_NO_ARG" placeholder to simplify handling events without an
argument (creating a dummy union variable is midly annoying).
Opportunstically drop explicit zero-initialization of the "pte" field, as
omitting the field (now a union) has the same effect.
Cc: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAOUHufagkd2Jk3_HrVoFFptRXM=hX2CV8f+M-dka-hJU4bP8kw@mail.gmail.com
Reviewed-by: Oliver Upton <oliver.upton@linux.dev>
Acked-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230729004144.1054885-1-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Move kvm_arch_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot() to common code and drop
"arch_" from the name. kvm_arch_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot() is just a
range-based TLB invalidation where the range is defined by the memslot.
Now that kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_range() can be called from common code we
can just use that and drop a bunch of duplicate code from the arch
directories.
Note this adds a lockdep assertion for slots_lock being held when
calling kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot(), which was previously only
asserted on x86. MIPS has calls to kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot(),
but they all hold the slots_lock, so the lockdep assertion continues to
hold true.
Also drop the CONFIG_KVM_GENERIC_DIRTYLOG_READ_PROTECT ifdef gating
kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot(), since it is no longer necessary.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Raghavendra Rao Ananta <rananta@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Shaoqin Huang <shahuang@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
Acked-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230811045127.3308641-7-rananta@google.com
Make kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_range() visible in common code and create a
default implementation that just invalidates the whole TLB.
This paves the way for several future features/cleanups:
- Introduction of range-based TLBI on ARM.
- Eliminating kvm_arch_flush_remote_tlbs_memslot()
- Moving the KVM/x86 TDP MMU to common code.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Raghavendra Rao Ananta <rananta@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Gavin Shan <gshan@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Shaoqin Huang <shahuang@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org>
Acked-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230811045127.3308641-6-rananta@google.com
Use sysfs_emit() instead of the sprintf() for sysfs entries. sysfs_emit()
knows the maximum of the temporary buffer used for outputting sysfs
content and avoids overrunning the buffer length.
Signed-off-by: Like Xu <likexu@tencent.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230625073438.57427-1-likexu@tencent.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
- Add back a comment about the subtle side effect of try_cmpxchg64() in
tdp_mmu_set_spte_atomic()
- Add an assertion in __kvm_mmu_invalidate_addr() to verify that the target
KVM MMU is the current MMU
- Add a "never" option to effectively avoid creating NX hugepage recovery
threads
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Merge tag 'kvm-x86-mmu-6.5' of https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEAD
KVM x86/mmu changes for 6.5:
- Add back a comment about the subtle side effect of try_cmpxchg64() in
tdp_mmu_set_spte_atomic()
- Add an assertion in __kvm_mmu_invalidate_addr() to verify that the target
KVM MMU is the current MMU
- Add a "never" option to effectively avoid creating NX hugepage recovery
threads
Add a "never" option to the nx_huge_pages module param to allow userspace
to do a one-way hard disabling of the mitigation, and don't create the
per-VM recovery threads when the mitigation is hard disabled. Letting
userspace pinky swear that userspace doesn't want to enable NX mitigation
(without reloading KVM) allows certain use cases to avoid the latency
problems associated with spawning a kthread for each VM.
E.g. in FaaS use cases, the guest kernel is trusted and the host may
create 100+ VMs per logical CPU, which can result in 100ms+ latencies when
a burst of VMs is created.
Reported-by: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/1679555884-32544-1-git-send-email-lirongqing@baidu.com
Cc: Yong He <zhuangel570@gmail.com>
Cc: Robert Hoo <robert.hoo.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Robert Hoo <robert.hoo.linux@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Tested-by: Luiz Capitulino <luizcap@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: Li RongQing <lirongqing@baidu.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230602005859.784190-1-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Request an APIC-access page reload when the backing page is migrated (or
unmapped) if and only if vendor code actually plugs the backing pfn into
structures that reside outside of KVM's MMU. This avoids kicking all
vCPUs in the (hopefully infrequent) scenario where the backing page is
migrated/invalidated.
Unlike VMX's APICv, SVM's AVIC doesn't plug the backing pfn directly into
the VMCB and so doesn't need a hook to invalidate an out-of-MMU "mapping".
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230602011518.787006-4-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Now that KVM honors past and in-progress mmu_notifier invalidations when
reloading the APIC-access page, use KVM's "standard" invalidation hooks
to trigger a reload and delete the one-off usage of invalidate_range().
Aside from eliminating one-off code in KVM, dropping KVM's use of
invalidate_range() will allow common mmu_notifier to redefine the API to
be more strictly focused on invalidating secondary TLBs that share the
primary MMU's page tables.
Suggested-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230602011518.787006-3-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Factor in the address space (non-SMM vs. SMM) of the target shadow page
when recovering potential NX huge pages, otherwise KVM will retrieve the
wrong memslot when zapping shadow pages that were created for SMM. The
bug most visibly manifests as a WARN on the memslot being non-NULL, but
the worst case scenario is that KVM could unaccount the shadow page
without ensuring KVM won't install a huge page, i.e. if the non-SMM slot
is being dirty logged, but the SMM slot is not.
------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 3911 at arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c:7015
kvm_nx_huge_page_recovery_worker+0x38c/0x3d0 [kvm]
CPU: 1 PID: 3911 Comm: kvm-nx-lpage-re
RIP: 0010:kvm_nx_huge_page_recovery_worker+0x38c/0x3d0 [kvm]
RSP: 0018:ffff99b284f0be68 EFLAGS: 00010246
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff99b284edd000 RCX: 0000000000000000
RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000
RBP: ffff9271397024e0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffff927139702450
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff99b284f0be98
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff9270991fcd80 R15: 0000000000000003
FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff927f9f640000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 00007f0aacad3ae0 CR3: 000000088fc2c005 CR4: 00000000003726e0
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__pfx_kvm_nx_huge_page_recovery_worker+0x10/0x10 [kvm]
kvm_vm_worker_thread+0x106/0x1c0 [kvm]
kthread+0xd9/0x100
ret_from_fork+0x2c/0x50
</TASK>
---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
This bug was exposed by commit edbdb43fc9 ("KVM: x86: Preserve TDP MMU
roots until they are explicitly invalidated"), which allowed KVM to retain
SMM TDP MMU roots effectively indefinitely. Before commit edbdb43fc9,
KVM would zap all SMM TDP MMU roots and thus all SMM TDP MMU shadow pages
once all vCPUs exited SMM, which made the window where this bug (recovering
an SMM NX huge page) could be encountered quite tiny. To hit the bug, the
NX recovery thread would have to run while at least one vCPU was in SMM.
Most VMs typically only use SMM during boot, and so the problematic shadow
pages were gone by the time the NX recovery thread ran.
Now that KVM preserves TDP MMU roots until they are explicitly invalidated
(e.g. by a memslot deletion), the window to trigger the bug is effectively
never closed because most VMMs don't delete memslots after boot (except
for a handful of special scenarios).
Fixes: eb29860570 ("KVM: x86/mmu: Do not recover dirty-tracked NX Huge Pages")
Reported-by: Fabio Coatti <fabio.coatti@gmail.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CADpTngX9LESCdHVu_2mQkNGena_Ng2CphWNwsRGSMxzDsTjU2A@mail.gmail.com
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230602010137.784664-1-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Add assertion to track that "mmu == vcpu->arch.mmu" is always true in the
context of __kvm_mmu_invalidate_addr(). for_each_shadow_entry_using_root()
and kvm_sync_spte() operate on vcpu->arch.mmu, but the only reason that
doesn't cause explosions is because handle_invept() frees roots instead of
doing a manual invalidation. As of now, there are no major roadblocks
to switching INVEPT emulation over to use kvm_mmu_invalidate_addr().
Suggested-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Like Xu <likexu@tencent.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230523032947.60041-1-likexu@tencent.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
- Disallow virtualizing legacy LBRs if architectural LBRs are available,
the two are mutually exclusive in hardware
- Disallow writes to immutable feature MSRs (notably PERF_CAPABILITIES)
after KVM_RUN, and overhaul the vmx_pmu_caps selftest to better
validate PERF_CAPABILITIES
- Apply PMU filters to emulated events and add test coverage to the
pmu_event_filter selftest
- Misc cleanups and fixes
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Merge tag 'kvm-x86-pmu-6.4' of https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEAD
KVM x86 PMU changes for 6.4:
- Disallow virtualizing legacy LBRs if architectural LBRs are available,
the two are mutually exclusive in hardware
- Disallow writes to immutable feature MSRs (notably PERF_CAPABILITIES)
after KVM_RUN, and overhaul the vmx_pmu_caps selftest to better
validate PERF_CAPABILITIES
- Apply PMU filters to emulated events and add test coverage to the
pmu_event_filter selftest
- Misc cleanups and fixes
- Tweak FNAME(sync_spte) to avoid unnecessary writes+flushes when the
guest is only adding new PTEs
- Overhaul .sync_page() and .invlpg() to share the .sync_page()
implementation, i.e. utilize .sync_page()'s optimizations when emulating
invalidations
- Clean up the range-based flushing APIs
- Revamp the TDP MMU's reaping of Accessed/Dirty bits to clear a single
A/D bit using a LOCK AND instead of XCHG, and skip all of the "handle
changed SPTE" overhead associated with writing the entire entry
- Track the number of "tail" entries in a pte_list_desc to avoid having
to walk (potentially) all descriptors during insertion and deletion,
which gets quite expensive if the guest is spamming fork()
- Misc cleanups
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Merge tag 'kvm-x86-mmu-6.4' of https://github.com/kvm-x86/linux into HEAD
KVM x86 MMU changes for 6.4:
- Tweak FNAME(sync_spte) to avoid unnecessary writes+flushes when the
guest is only adding new PTEs
- Overhaul .sync_page() and .invlpg() to share the .sync_page()
implementation, i.e. utilize .sync_page()'s optimizations when emulating
invalidations
- Clean up the range-based flushing APIs
- Revamp the TDP MMU's reaping of Accessed/Dirty bits to clear a single
A/D bit using a LOCK AND instead of XCHG, and skip all of the "handle
changed SPTE" overhead associated with writing the entire entry
- Track the number of "tail" entries in a pte_list_desc to avoid having
to walk (potentially) all descriptors during insertion and deletion,
which gets quite expensive if the guest is spamming fork()
- Misc cleanups
Refresh the MMU's snapshot of the vCPU's CR0.WP prior to checking for
permission faults when emulating a guest memory access and CR0.WP may be
guest owned. If the guest toggles only CR0.WP and triggers emulation of
a supervisor write, e.g. when KVM is emulating UMIP, KVM may consume a
stale CR0.WP, i.e. use stale protection bits metadata.
Note, KVM passes through CR0.WP if and only if EPT is enabled as CR0.WP
is part of the MMU role for legacy shadow paging, and SVM (NPT) doesn't
support per-bit interception controls for CR0. Don't bother checking for
EPT vs. NPT as the "old == new" check will always be true under NPT, i.e.
the only cost is the read of vcpu->arch.cr4 (SVM unconditionally grabs CR0
from the VMCB on VM-Exit).
Reported-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@grsecurity.net>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/677169b4-051f-fcae-756b-9a3e1bb9f8fe%40grsecurity.net
Fixes: fb509f76ac ("KVM: VMX: Make CR0.WP a guest owned bit")
Tested-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@grsecurity.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230405002608.418442-1-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Refactor Hyper-V's range-based TLB flushing API to take a gfn+nr_pages
pair instead of a struct, and bury said struct in Hyper-V specific code.
Passing along two params generates much better code for the common case
where KVM is _not_ running on Hyper-V, as forwarding the flush on to
Hyper-V's hv_flush_remote_tlbs_range() from kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_range()
becomes a tail call.
Cc: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Reviewed-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230405003133.419177-3-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Rename the Hyper-V hooks for TLB flushing to match the naming scheme used
by all the other TLB flushing hooks, e.g. in kvm_x86_ops, vendor code,
arch hooks from common code, etc.
Reviewed-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230405003133.419177-2-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Add a helper to query if a vCPU has run so that KVM doesn't have to open
code the check on last_vmentry_cpu being set to a magic value.
No functional change intended.
Suggested-by: Xiaoyao Li <xiaoyao.li@intel.com>
Cc: Like Xu <like.xu.linux@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Xiaoyao Li <xiaoyao.li@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230311004618.920745-3-seanjc@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Most of the time, calls to get_guest_pgd result in calling
kvm_read_cr3 (the exception is only nested TDP). Hardcode
the default instead of using the get_cr3 function, avoiding
a retpoline if they are enabled.
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mathias Krause <minipli@grsecurity.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230322013731.102955-2-minipli@grsecurity.net
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Adjust a variety of functions in mmu.c to put the function return type on
the same line as the function declaration. As stated in the Linus
specification:
But the "on their own line" is complete garbage to begin with. That
will NEVER be a kernel rule. We should never have a rule that assumes
things are so long that they need to be on multiple lines.
We don't put function return types on their own lines either, even if
some other projects have that rule (just to get function names at the
beginning of lines or some other odd reason).
Leave the functions generated by BUILD_MMU_ROLE_REGS_ACCESSOR() as-is,
that code is basically illegible no matter how it's formatted.
No functional change intended.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/mm-commits/CAHk-=wjS-Jg7sGMwUPpDsjv392nDOOs0CtUtVkp=S6Q7JzFJRw@mail.gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230202182809.1929122-4-bgardon@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Assert that mmu_lock is held for write in __walk_slot_rmaps() instead of
hoping the function comment will magically prevent introducing bugs.
Signed-off-by: Ben Gardon <bgardon@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230202182809.1929122-3-bgardon@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Use gfn_t instead of u64 for kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_range()'s parameters,
since gfn_t is the standard type for GFNs throughout KVM.
Opportunistically rename pages to nr_pages to make its role even more
obvious.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230126184025.2294823-6-dmatlack@google.com
[sean: convert pages to gfn_t too, and rename]
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Rename kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_with_address() to
kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_range(). This name is shorter, which reduces the
number of callsites that need to be broken up across multiple lines, and
more readable since it conveys a range of memory is being flushed rather
than a single address.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230126184025.2294823-5-dmatlack@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Collapse kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_with_range() and
kvm_flush_remote_tlbs_with_address() into a single function. This
eliminates some lines of code and a useless NULL check on the range
struct.
Opportunistically switch from ENOTSUPP to EOPNOTSUPP to make checkpatch
happy.
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230126184025.2294823-4-dmatlack@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Rework "struct pte_list_desc" and pte_list_{add|remove} to track the tail
count, i.e. number of PTEs in non-head descriptors, and to always keep all
tail descriptors full so that adding a new entry and counting the number
of entries is done in constant time instead of linear time.
No visible performace is changed in tests. But pte_list_add() is no longer
shown in the perf result for the COWed pages even the guest forks millions
of tasks.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshan.ljs@antgroup.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230113122910.672417-1-jiangshanlai@gmail.com
[sean: reword shortlog, tweak changelog, add lots of comments, add BUG_ON()]
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>